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History of science

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Photo FLOURENS, Pierre. 

FLOURENS, Pierre. 

Ontologie naturelle, ou Étude philosophique des êtres. 

Paris, Garnier frères, 1861.
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50 €

First edition.
Flourens is best known for his work in neurophysiology, particularly on the brain and the nervous system. In this work, he attempts to establish an ontology based on the scientific observation of nature, opposing purely speculative conceptions. His approach is marked by a desire to reconcile science and philosophy, emphasizing the hierarchy and organization of living beings.

Photo DESCARTES, René. 

DESCARTES, René. 

Discours de la méthode pour bien conduire sa raison et chercher la vérité dans les sciences.
Plus la Dioptrique et les Météores qui sont des essais de cette méthode. 

Paris, Michel Bobin & Nicolas Le Gras, 1668.
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2500 €

The true third edition with the privilège dated 28 avril 1668.

Photo RICHERAND, Anthelme. 

RICHERAND, Anthelme. 

Histoire des progrès récens de la chirurgie. 

Paris, Bechet Jeune, 1825.
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120 €

First edition.
It should be noted that the author does not spare Desault, who is nevertheless considered the founder of the 19th century surgical school: "Desault spread his errors on the deluded crowd; deplorable errors which have outlived their author and of which we ourselves have been the dupe and the echo for too long" (p.66).

Photo EIFFEL, Gustave. 

EIFFEL, Gustave. 

Etudes sur l'hélice aérienne faites au laboratoire d'Auteuil. 

Paris, Librairie aéronautique, [1921].
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1200 €

First edition.
Last book published by Gustave Eiffel on his aeronautical research.

"It is the whole of the results which is presented in the current work where I have recast my old works with the new ones, eliminating what seemed to me to be the least interesting and even correcting some of the results relating to the powers and efficiencies that I had given on the aerial propellers, according to the first tests of the Auteuil Laboratory" (extract from the foreword).

Photo EIFFEL, Gustave. 

EIFFEL, Gustave. 

La Résistance de l'air et l'aviation. 

Paris, Imprimerie de la Cour d'Appel, 1911.
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70 €

Rare offprint of an article by Gustave Eiffel written for the Hommage à Louis Olivier.
This choral book was written on the occasion of the death of Louis Frédéric Olivier (1854-1910), a scientist passionate about technical, scientific and cultural progress.
Beautiful full-margin printing on laid paper.

Photo LECORNU, Léon. 

LECORNU, Léon. 

Note sur le laboratoire aérodynamique Eiffel à Auteuil. 

s.l., Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, 1914.
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60 €

Offprint from the Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences..
Short presentation to the Academy of Sciences of the Eiffel laboratory in Auteuil, August 3, 1914. Created on the Champ de Mars at the foot of its tower, Gustave Eiffel's aerodynamics laboratory was moved to Auteuil in 1912. It is still in operation today, operated by the company Aérodynamique Eiffel.
This aerodynamics laboratory was used in particular to test the characteristics of the Farman military biplanes that were used during the First World War.

Photo DARWIN, Charles. 

DARWIN, Charles. 

De l'Origine des espèces ou des lois du progrès chez les êtres organisés. 

Paris, Guillaumin et Cie, 1862.
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1750 €

First edition in French.
This first French translation, of one of the most important books in modern science, was controversial as soon as it was published. Indeed, translator Clémence Royer (1830-1902, philosopher and scientist) added a preface and numerous footnotes in which she gave her interpretation of the text and commented on it.

Photo [POLYTECHNIQUE]. 

[POLYTECHNIQUE]. 

Programmes de l'enseignement polytechnique de l'Ecole centrale des travaux publics. 

Paris, Imprimerie nationale, Pluviose An III ( janvier 1795).
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500 €

First edition.
First use of the adjective "Polytechnique" which will be used a few months later to give its new name to the "Ecole centrale des travaux publics" which will become the "École polytechnique".
Here are the detailed programs of the courses that will be taught during the creation of the School.

Photo CRUVEILHIER, Jean. 

CRUVEILHIER, Jean. 

Vie de Dupuytren. 

Paris, Bechet Jeune, 1841.
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60 €

First edition.
A student from Limousin and successor in Paris to his compatriot Guillaume Dupuytren, Jean Cruveilhier is currently better known by anatomists and anatomopathologists than by surgeons. Guillaume Dupuytren (1771-1835) was immediately admired by his intern Jean Cruveilhier who, developing the ideas of his boss, quickly became a master in anatomopathology. He was the first to devote a biography to his master.

Photo HUARTE, Jean. 

HUARTE, Jean. 

L’Examen des esprits pour les sciences. Où se montrent les différences d’esprits qui se trouvent
parmy les hommes, et à quelle sorte de science chacun est propre en particulier. 

Paris, Jean Guignard, 1650.
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300 €

The work published in 1575 by a Spanish physician, Juan Huarte de San Juan (1529–1530?–1580) under the title Examen de ingenios para las sciencias... had a considerable impact throughout learned Europe. More than thirty editions in the main European languages ​​have appeared since then.
Some old handwritten notes on the first fly leaf and at the verso of the title page.

Photo GAULTIER DE BIAUZAT, Jean François. 

GAULTIER DE BIAUZAT, Jean François. 

Projet motivé d'articles additionnels à la loi, du 19 janvier 1791. Relative à l'organisation des Ponts & Chaussées. 

Paris, Imprimerie nationale, 1791.
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120 €

First edition.
Proposed amendments to the law of January 19, 1791, which created the Corps of Ponts et Chaussées.

Photo APPERT, Nicolas. 

APPERT, Nicolas. 

L'Art de conserver, pendant plusieurs années, toutes les substances animales et végétales. 

Paris, Patris et Cie, 1810.
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800 €

First edition.
Book which discloses to the public the "Appertization" process, consisting of enclosing food in a glass bottle, then placing this bottle in a vase filled with boiling water for eight to ten minutes, heating in a closed container destroying the fermentation germs. Until then, only salting, sugaring and drying were known as methods of preserving meat and fish. Although the book was a great success and was republished many times, giving rise to the creation of the conservation industry, Nicolas Appert did not benefit from it and died poor in 1841.
Copy signed by the author.

Photo DESCARTES, René. 

DESCARTES, René. 

Specimina Philosophiae: Seu Dissertatio de Methodo Recte regendæ rationis, & veritatis in scientiis investigandæ: Dioptice, et Meteora. 

Amsterdam, Ludovicum Elzevirium, 1644.
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3000 €

First latin edition of the Discours de la Méthode.

Milestone in the history of science which marked an epistemological rupture.
The Latin translation of the Discourse on the Method was first undertaken by Etienne de Courcelles but Descartes revised it, modified it and introduced variants compared to the French text of 1637. We find there for the first time the phrase (page 31) : "cogito, ergo sum".
The scientific texts following the Discourse are illustrated with numerous woods in the text.

Photo LAMARCK, Jean Baptiste de. 

LAMARCK, Jean Baptiste de. 

Système des animaux sans vertèbres ou tableau général des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux. 

Paris, Chez l'Autheur, 1801.
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2000 €

First edition.
One of the very first formulations of the concept of evolution of species (transformism), before Darwin's, and presenting as the cause of evolution (Lamarckism) the heredity of acquired characteristics.

It will take more than 50 years for Darwin's work on environmental selection pressure to contradict Lamarck's Speech.

However, we owe Lamarck the introduction in this book of the distinction between Vertebrate and Invertebrate animals, a distinction that we still use in current taxonomy.

Photo LEPECQ DE LA CLOTURE, Louis. 

LEPECQ DE LA CLOTURE, Louis. 

Observations sur les maladies épidémiques. Ouvrage rédigé d'après le tableau des épidémiques d'Hippocrate et dans lequel on indique la meilleur méthode d'observer ce genre de maladies. 

Paris, Vincent, 1776.
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350 €

First edition.
Work which relates the epidemics of fever which occurred in Normandy at Gros-Theil and Louviers during the year 1770.

Photo [L'Ancienne France]. 

[L'Ancienne France]. 

L'Ecole et la Science jusqu'à la Renaissance. 

Paris, Firmin-Didot et Cie, [v. 1890].
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80 €
Photo BOUILLIER, Francisque. 

BOUILLIER, Francisque. 

Histoire de la philosophie cartésienne. 

Paris, Ch. Delagrave et Cie, 1868.
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80 €

Third edition.

Photo POISSON, Siméon Denis || ACADÉMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES. 

POISSON, Siméon Denis || ACADÉMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES. 

Mémoire sur la théorie du magnétisme en mouvement . IN. Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences de l'Institut de France. Année 1823. 

Paris, Firmin Didot, 1827.
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150 €

Contains the major work from Poisson on the wave theory.

This volume of the Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences is incomplete of the pappers from Legendre and Ampère :


Table :
LEGENDRE. Recherches sur quelques objets d'analyse indéterminée et particulièrement sur le théorème de Fermat. (p. 1-60), MISSING
LAPLACE. Mémoires sur le développement de l'anomalie vrai et du rayon vecteur elliptique, en série ordonnées suivant les puissances de l'excentricité.
RAMO. Mémoire sur l'état de la végétation au sommet du Pic du Midi de Bagnères.
AMPÈRE. Mémoire sur la théorie mathématique des phénomènes électro-dynamiques, uniquement déduite de l'expérience, dans lequel se trouvent réunis les Mémoires que M. ampère à communiqués à l'Académie royale de sciences, dans les scéances des 4 et 26 décembre 1820, 10 juin 1822, 22 décembre 1823, 12 septembre et 23 novembre 1825. (p. 175 to 388), MISSING
NAVIER. Mémoire sur lkes lois du mouvement des fluides
POISSON :
- Mémoire sur la théorie du magnétisme en mouvement
- Mémoire sur le calcul numérique des intégrales définies.
CAUCHY. Mémoire sur les développement des fonctions en séries périodiques.

Photo CAUCHY, Augustin Louis || ACADÉMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES. 

CAUCHY, Augustin Louis || ACADÉMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES. 

Mémoires sur la théorie des nombres . IN. Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences de l'Institut de France. Tome XVII. 

Paris, Firmin Didot, 1840.
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950 €

Mémoire sur la Théorie des Nombres, Présenté a l'Académie des Sciences, le 31 Mai 1830, par M. Augustin Cauchy.
First edition of this important memoir (pp/ 249 to 768 of this volume of memoirs of the academy of sciences).

The writing of this memoir is quite abrupt, with a succession of formulas difficult to relate to each other, and it will be criticized by Biot in particular.
However, Jenny Boucard, after an in-depth study of Cauchy's work, concluded that Cauchy exposes a coherent method around the quadratic forms 4p^μ=x²+ny² which he applies in different cases, depending on whether n is prime or compound. (Boucard, p.365).

This volume of the Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences contains :

PONCELET : Théorie des effets mécaniques de la turbine Fourneyron.
TURPIN :
- Mémoire sur les différences qu'offrent les tissus cellulaires de la pomme et de la poire ...
- Mémoire sur la cause et les effets de la fermentation alcoolique et acéteuse.
- Recherches microscopiques sur divers laits ...
BECQUEREL : Nouvelles recherches sur le dégagement de la chaleur dans le frottement
CAUCHY. Mémoires sur la théorie des nombres.
BIOT. Mémoire sur l'existence d'une condition physique qui assigne à l'atmosphère terrestre une limite supérieure d'élévation qu'elle ne peut dépasser.
CHEVREUL. Recherches physico chimiques sur la teinture
And the Flourens' historical praise of Jussieu and Arago's praise of James Watt.

Photo POISSON, Siméon Denis || ACADÉMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES. 

POISSON, Siméon Denis || ACADÉMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES. 

Sur la Théorie des Ondes; Lu le 2 octobre et le 18 décembre 1815. IN. Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences de l'Institut de France. Année 1816. 

Paris, Firmin Didot, 1818.
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250 €

Contains the major work from Poisson on the wave theory.

This volume of the Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences contains :

POISSON :
- Mémoire sur la variation des constantes arbitraires dans les question de mécanique
- Mémoire sur la théorie des ondes.
GIRARD :
- Mémoire sur l'écoulement linéaire de diverses substances liquides par des tubes capillaires de verre,
- Mémoire sur l'écoulement de l'éther
BIOT, [Jean-Baptiste] :
- Mémoire sur l'utilité des lois de la polarisation de la lumière, pour reconnaitre l'état de cristallisation et de combinaison, dans grand nombre de cas où la système cristallin n'est pas immédiatement observable.
And the section on the history of the academy by Delambre for the mathematics and notices on Fleurieu Charles Bossut, Leveque and Tenon and by Cuvier for Physics.

Photo GALOIS, Évariste. 

GALOIS, Évariste. 

Oeuvres mathématiques d'Évariste Galois. In Journal de Mathématiques pures et appliquées ou Recueil mensuel de mémoires sur les diverses parties des mathématiques, Année 1846, Tome XI. 

Paris, Bachelier, 1846.
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6500 €

First edition of collected mathematical works of Evariste Galois given by Liouville in this volume of the Journal de Mathématiques pures et appliquées .

A brilliant mathematician, misunderstood in his day and with a tragic fate (he died at the age of 20 in a gallant duel), Galois created the notion of group, and his work has inspired generations of mathematicians.
A brilliant student, he was misunderstood by his contemporaries. Poisson rejected the work he wanted to present to the Paris Academy of Sciences.
In 1832, on the eve of his fatal duel, Galois wrote his mathematical will, which he entrusted to a friend.
It was not until 1846 that Liouville published them in this volume of the Journal des mathématiques, and not until 1870 that Jordan recognized their importance.

"When, yielding to the wish of Evariste's friends, I gave myself up, as it were under the eyes of his brother, to the attentive study of all the printed or manuscript pieces he left behind, I therefore thought I had to propose as my sole aim to seek out, to unravel, to then bring out as best I could, what was new in these productions.

My zeal was soon rewarded, and I was delighted when, after filling in a few small gaps, I recognized the complete accuracy of the method by which Galois proves, in particular, this beautiful theorem: For an irreducible equation of prime degree to be solvable by radicals, it is necessary and sufficient that all the roots be rational functions of any two of them.
This method, truly worthy of the attention of geometers, would alone suffice to secure our compatriot a place among the small number of scientists who have earned the title of inventor." (Liouville p.382).

Photo MAUPERTUIS, Pierre Louis Moreau de. 

MAUPERTUIS, Pierre Louis Moreau de. 

La Figure de la Terre, déterminée par les observations de messieurs De Maupertuis, Clairaut, Camus, Le Monnier, de l'Académie royale des sciences et de M. L'Abbé Outhier, correspondant de la même académie, accompagnés de M. Celsius, professeur d'astronomie à Upsal, faites par ordre du Roy au cercle polaire. 

Paris, Imprimerie royale, 1738.
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1500 €

First edition.
Results of Maupertuis' expedition to Lapland to measure the Earth's median and experimentally confirm Newton's hypothesis that the Earth is flattened at the poles.

Photo TISSANDIER, Gaston. 

TISSANDIER, Gaston. 

Causeries sur la Science. 

Paris, Hachette et Cie, 1884.
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50 €

Second edition.
Popular science book covering 23 talks on various fields of science.
Copy of Albert Tissandier, brother of the author with whom he ran the magazine La Nature until 1905.

Photo MARTIN, Benjamin. 

MARTIN, Benjamin. 

Grammaire des Sciences Philosophiques, ou Analyse abrégée de la Philosophie moderne, appuyée sur les expériences. 

Paris, Briasson, 1749.
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600 €

First french edition.

Photo [JULLIEN et al.]. 

[JULLIEN et al.]. 

Revue Encyclopédique, ou Analyse Raisonnée des Productions les Plus Remarquables dans la Littérature, les Sciences Et les Arts. 

[Paris], [Gide], 1819.
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450 €

First edition.
Head of series of this royalist gazette which will be published until 1820.

Photo POINCARE, Henri. 

POINCARE, Henri. 

Sur les Rapports de la physique expérimentale et de la physique mathématique. 

Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1900.
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600 €

First edition.
Offprint of this very interesting article on epistemology by Henri Poincaré in which he analyzes the relationship between the mathematical laws of physics and the data of experience: When should one be right in one and wrong in the other?
In this report which was presented to the International Congress of Physics in 1900, Poincaré discusses there in particular at the end of the text the Lorentz equations which make it possible to analyze certain physical facts but not all, which will be decided by Einstein a few years later with his special theory of relativity.
This debate is still an issue for modern physics about dark matter, should we change physical theories or improve our measurement capabilities?.

Photo FOURCROY, Antoine-François de. 

FOURCROY, Antoine-François de. 

Notice sur la vie et les travaux de Lavoisier. 

Paris, Impr. de la Feuille du cultivateur, An IV [1796].
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Sold

Bound after with separate title page and pagination : "La Mort de Lavoisier, Hyérodrame Mis en musique par le Citoyen Langlé... Paroles de Charles Désaudray". 7-(1bl.) pages.
Two brochures praising Lavoisier after he was guillotined.

Photo DORTOUS DE MAIRAN, Jean-Jacques. 

DORTOUS DE MAIRAN, Jean-Jacques. 

Eloges des académiciens de l’académie royale des sciences, morts dans les années 1741, 1742 & 1743. 

Paris, Durand, 1747.
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150 €

First edition.
Dortous de Mairan was then permanent secretary of the Academy of Sciences. Among the eulogies transcribed are those of Halley, Abbé Bignon, Lemery.
Each eulogy is accompanied by a bibliography of the scientist.

Photo PASCAL, Blaise. 

PASCAL, Blaise. 

Oeuvres de Blaise Pascal. 

La Haye [Paris], Detune, 1779.
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2500 €

The first and sole ancient collective edition, partially original.

Published by Bossut, this edition is illustrated with a portrait and 14 plates.
Among the unpublished there are many "pensée", writings on Grace, the Treaty of vacuum and and extensive correspondence.
Volumes IV and V contain the scientific works.
We found the second printing of the describing of invention of the computing machine of Descartes (TIV, pages 7-30). The first edition, certainly printed by the author, is unobtainable (only two copies known).
Also of interest here is the reprint of Pascal's 1654 paper introducing his triangle of binominal coefficients (Pascal's Triangle), included in Volume V, pages 1-54. Pascal's invention "predated the concepts of computation of the values of polynomial functions by differences.".

Photo ARAGO, François || LAMARTINE, Alphonse de. 

ARAGO, François || LAMARTINE, Alphonse de. 

Projet de décret relatif à un crédit supplémentaire de Dix mille francs pour la réimpression des Œuvres scientifiques de Laplace. 

s.l., s.n., 22 juin 1848.
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450 €

Rare document signed by Lamartine and Arago.
Draft decree to allocate 10,000 fr to continue the reprint of the Works of Laplace. This had been allocated 40,000 fr in 1842 but the initial estimate having been exceeded, money had to be added to the project.

The document is drafted by the Secretary of the Executive Power Commission and is signed by all the members of this commission: François Arago, Alphonse de Lamartine, Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès, Alexandre Ledru-Rollin, Pierre Marie de St Georges.
Rare testimony of this commission which lasted only for the months of May and June 1848 and which saw the Scientist and the Poet at the top of the French State.

Results (1 - 30) of 104
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