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Philosophy

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Photo D'AQUIN, Thomas. 

D'AQUIN, Thomas. 

Summa de veritate celeberrimi doctoris sancte Thome Aquinatis. 

Coloniae Agrippinae, Quentell, 1508.
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2500 €

Post-incunable edition.
The most famous work of St Thomas Aquinas, which brings together 29 questions on the truth, and 253 articles of answers. These disputed issues correspond to the first disputes led by Thomas Aquinas as master of theology at the University of Paris during the academic year 1256–1257, when Thomas Aquinas was a young professor. He exposes the different modes of truth according to being.

Photo BESSE, Pierre de. 

BESSE, Pierre de. 

L' Héraclite chrestien c'est a dire les regrets & les larmes du pêcheur penitent. 

Paris, Nicolas du Fossé, 1612.
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450 €

First edition.
Pierre de Besse, preacher from the beginning of the 17th century was inspired by the Greek philosopher Heraclitus, whose legend, peddled by Diogenes Laerce, said that he was perpetually in tears in front of the fate of men to draw from it a Christian Heraclitus desperate for the sins of the Men.
He will publish 3 years later the "Christian Democrite" showing a hilarious Democrite in front of the world as it is.

These two books did a lot to popularize the archetypes of a weeping Heraclitus and a laughing Democritus, which can be found in many works of art throughout the 17th century. One thinks in particular of the "Weeping Philosopher" of Rubens painted around 1636, or the Democrites of Velasquez and Rembrandt.

Engravings by Leonard Gaultier, famous french painter.

Photo DESCARTES, René. 

DESCARTES, René. 

Specimina Philosophiae: Seu Dissertatio de Methodo Recte regendæ rationis, & veritatis in scientiis investigandæ: Dioptice, et Meteora. 

Amsterdam, Ludovicum Elzevirium, 1644.
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3000 €

First latin edition of the Discours de la Méthode.

Milestone in the history of science which marked an epistemological rupture.
The Latin translation of the Discourse on the Method was first undertaken by Etienne de Courcelles but Descartes revised it, modified it and introduced variants compared to the French text of 1637. We find there for the first time the phrase (page 31) : "cogito, ergo sum".
The scientific texts following the Discourse are illustrated with numerous woods in the text.

Photo DESCARTES, René. 

DESCARTES, René. 

Discours de la méthode pour bien conduire sa raison et chercher la vérité dans les sciences.
Plus la Dioptrique et les Météores qui sont des essais de cette méthode. 

Paris, Michel Bobin & Nicolas Le Gras, 1668.
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The true third edition with the privilège dated 28 avril 1668.

Photo PASCAL, Blaise. 

PASCAL, Blaise. 

Pensées de M. Pascal sur la religion et sur quelques autres sujets qui ont été trouvées après sa mort parmy ses papiers. 

Paris, Guillaume Desprez, 1670.
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750 €

Counterfeit of the Pensées, with the same collation of the first edition.
This edition with a slightly different title was spotted by Tchermerzine (V,71).

Photo DESCARTES, René. 

DESCARTES, René. 

Les Principes de la philosophie de René Descartes. 

Paris, Nicolas Le Gras, 1681.
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250 €

Fourth edition.
"The Principles of Philosophy" by René Descartes is a fundamental work of Western philosophy. In this treatise, Descartes sets out his vision of the world, based on metaphysical and physical principles. He develops his method of doubt, his famous "cogito, ergo sum" (I think, therefore I am), and his conceptions on the nature of the soul and the body.

Photo MALEBRANCHE, Nicolas. 

MALEBRANCHE, Nicolas. 

Entretiens sur la Metaphysique & sur la Religion. 

Rotterdam, Reiner Leers, 1688.
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300 €

First edition.
The Entretiens sur la métaphysique et sur la religion are the most accomplished of all Malebranche's works. A true literary work, demonstrating a magnificent mastery of the art of dialogue, these fourteen conversations are a model of pedagogy.

Photo [LE CLERC, Jean]. 

[LE CLERC, Jean]. 

Réflexions sur ce que l'on appelle bonheur et malheur en matière de loteries, et sur le bon usage qu'on en peut faire. 

Amsterdam, Georges Gallet, 1696.
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600 €

First edition.
Jean Le Clerc (1657-1736) was a Protestant theologian and pastor. He was a member of the Remontrants, disciples of Arminius, breaking with Calvinism on questions of grace and predestination. The lottery and games of chance, then very popular in the Netherlands, were an ideal subject for reflection on these subjects. By rejecting any idea of an "invisible hand" behind chance or good fortune, he ends up with an ultimately very modern definition of chance:
"Tous ces mots ne sont que des termes négatifs, comme je l'ai dit, & qui ne servent qu'à faire comprendre que l'effet, dont on parle, n'est pas la production d'une cause nécessaire & déterminée à la produire".
In other words, we speak of chance where we do not know the sum of the causes that determine the effect that we observe.

Photo [LAMY, François]. 

[LAMY, François]. 

Le nouvel athéisme renversé, ou réfutation du sistême de Spinosa tirée pour la plupart de la conoissance de la nature de l'homme. 

Paris, Jean de Nully, 1696.
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900 €

Rare first edition in a morocco bilding with gilt arms on covers.

Photo BARBEYRAC, Jean. 

BARBEYRAC, Jean. 

Traité du jeu, où l'on examine les principales questions de droit naturel et de morale qui ont du rapport à cette
matière. 

Amsterdam, Pierre Humbert, 1709.
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750 €

First edition.
Philosophical dissertation around the game, its dangers and its abuses all the moral, economic and social facets related to the practice of games are discussed. Barbeyrac writes at a key moment when the notion of chance (behind which hides divine intervention) gradually gives way to what will become a theory of games and probabilities.

Photo ÉRASME || GUEUDEVILLE, Nicolas (trad.). 

ÉRASME || GUEUDEVILLE, Nicolas (trad.). 

Les Colloques d'Érasme. 

Leide, Pierre vander Aa & Boudouin Jansson vander Aa, 1720.
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400 €

First edition of this translation by Gueudeville of the famous Colloquies of Erasmus, a collection of satirical and moral dialogues written by the great Dutch humanist of the 16th century. These texts, both erudite and accessible, aim to instruct while entertaining, by denouncing the failings of the society and the Church of his time. This edition is sought after for the engravings in the style of Hooge placed at the head of the chapters.

Photo LOCKE, John. 

LOCKE, John. 

Essai philosophique concernant l'entendement humain, où l'on montre qu'elle est l'étendue de nos connoissances certaines, et la manière dont nous y parvenons. 

Amsterdam, Pierre Mortier, 1729.
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300 €

Second edition augmented of the french translation.
Major work by John Locke in which he develops an empiricist theory of knowledge that opposes the innate ideas of Descartes.

Photo HAMELIN, Gabriel || LE CANU. 

HAMELIN, Gabriel || LE CANU. 

Philosophia. 

[Caen], s.n., [v. 1730].
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Original manuscript.
Philosophy course given in Caen by Professor Le Canu (?) around 1730.

The writer was Gabriel François Hamelin de Préfosse (1713-1776) who was a doctor of medicine in Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue.

Photo MALEBRANCHE, Nicolas. 

MALEBRANCHE, Nicolas. 

De la Recherche de la Vérité. 

Paris, Bordelet, 1749.
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During the publication of this treatise (first ed. : 1675), the first published by Malebranche, his contemporaries especially retained Cartesianism: dualism of thought and extension, rule of evidence, method using the Regulae of Descartes, influence of Dioptrics and the Treatise on Man, Cartesian physics. Even the concept of the soul, a simple occasion for the movements of the body, could be drawn from the Cartesians La Forge and Cordemoy. Malebranche still appears as one of many Cartesians trying to relate to Augustinianism. The break with Cartesianism came with the publication of Enlightenments on the Search for Truth (1678). Until then centered on man, Malebranche's thought here operates a theocentric reversal. From now on, everything starts from God. All physical relationships, like all moral values, are only the expression of an immutable Order.
Many figures in the text.

Photo MARTIN, Benjamin. 

MARTIN, Benjamin. 

Grammaire des Sciences Philosophiques, ou Analyse abrégée de la Philosophie moderne, appuyée sur les expériences. 

Paris, Briasson, 1749.
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600 €

First french edition.

Photo [ESPIARD DE LA BORDE, François-Ignace]. 

[ESPIARD DE LA BORDE, François-Ignace]. 

L'Esprit des nations. 

La Haye, Isaac Beauregard, 1753.
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100 €

Third edition.

Photo [BOYER D'ARGENS, Jean-Baptiste (de)]. 

[BOYER D'ARGENS, Jean-Baptiste (de)]. 

Lettres chinoises, ou Correspondance philosophique, historique et critique, entre un Chinois voyageur à Paris & ses correspondans à la Chine, en Moscovie, en Perse et au Japon. 

La Haye, Pierre Paupie, 1755.
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550 €

New edition.
Epistolary fiction told in the form of letters exchanged between a Chinese, Hoang, and a European. It is a social and philosophical critique that highlights the absurdities of European society through the eyes of a foreign character, a process often used by the Enlightenment to offer an external perspective on the customs and beliefs of the time. The last volume contains the author's philosophical dreams in which he develops several political utopias.

Photo [HELVETIUS, Claude-Adrien]. 

[HELVETIUS, Claude-Adrien]. 

De l'Esprit. 

Paris, Durand, 1758.
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450 €

First edition in B state.
Major work by Helvetius which caused a scandal upon its publication and was condemned to be burned. Too radical for its time, the book was nevertheless widely read thereafter.

Photo VATTEL, Emmerich de. 

VATTEL, Emmerich de. 

Questions de droit naturel, et observations sur le traité du droit de la nature de M. le Baron de Wolf. 

Berne, Société typographique, 1762.
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First edition of the last work published by the famous Swiss jurist.
Despite his critical remarks regarding Wolff's theory, he declared himself to be Wolff's disciple and set himself the task of commenting on Wolff's work to make it more useful.
Thus, he aimed to accustom young people studying natural law to clear, precise and clear argumentation. If Woff ever made a mistake, he proposed to correct it ("Warning").

Photo [BLANCHET, Jean]. 

[BLANCHET, Jean]. 

L'Homme éclairé par ses besoins. 

Paris, Durand, 1764.
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150 €

First edition.
The work of a philosopher who was won over to the ideas of the Lumières, Blanchet is resolutely modern: the 18th century is marked by the reign of science and the arts, and the passions of modern man are the subject of vibrant praise, including self-esteem, because it is they which allow the realization of the great projects of humanity, which a Diderot would not deny.

Photo ANDRÉ, Yves-Marie || FORMEY. 

ANDRÉ, Yves-Marie || FORMEY. 

Essai sur le Beau Avec un Discours Préliminaire et des Réflexions sur le Goût par M. Formey. 

Amsterdam, J.H.Schneider, 1767.
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75 €

Yves-Marie André (1674-1765) was a Jesuit priest, philosopher and in charge of a chair of mathematics in Caen.

Photo OCELLUS, Lucanus. 

OCELLUS, Lucanus. 

De la nature de l'univers Avec la Traduction Françoise & des Remarques, par M. l'Abbé Batteux. 

Paris, Saillant, 1768.
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150 €

First edition of the Batteux's translation in french. With the text in greek.
Bound after, Timée de Locres "De l'Ame du Monde" and Aristote "Lettres d'Aristote à Alexandre sur le Système du Monde", also with the translation of Batteux.

Photo [VOLTAIRE]. 

[VOLTAIRE]. 

Souvenirs de Madame de Caylus. 

Amsterdam, Marc Michel Rey, 1770.
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200 €

Edition published the same year as the original edition.
Bengesco [II, pp.415-417] comments at length on the difference between this edition and that of Geneva at Robert. The text in Rey's edition goes as far as the hardback edition of the Robert edition except for the last sentence. S

ome hypotheses suggest that it was Diderot who had this Amsterdam edition published, whereas Madame de Caylus's manuscript had been passed from hand to hand for several years. However, a few rare copies have a 22-page notebook with a preface by Voltaire which is absent from our copy [cf. Bengesco].

Photo [VOLTAIRE]. 

[VOLTAIRE]. 

Questions sur l'encyclopédie par des amateurs. 

[Neufchatel], s.n., 1771-1773.
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550 €

New expanded edition.
Little-known book by Voltaire, his Questions on the Encyclopedia having been included in the Philosophical Dictionary of the Kehl edition which now makes reference.
"This attempt with an encyclopedic vocation claims to supplement, even amend and correct the great work of the Age of Enlightenment" (Mervaud, "L’Encyclopédisme des Questions sur l’Encyclopédie de Voltaire?”).

Composite copy with volumes published from 1771 to 1773.

Photo EBERHARD, Jean Auguste || SOCRATE. 

EBERHARD, Jean Auguste || SOCRATE. 

Examen de la Doctrine touchant le salut des payens, ou nouvelle apologie pour Socrate. 

Amsterdam, E. Van Harrevelt, 1773.
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125 €

First edition in French.
Eberhard is a German Protestant philosopher and theologian, disciple of Leibniz he was one of the most virulent opponents of Kant.

Photo D'ALEMBERT, Jean Le Rond. 

D'ALEMBERT, Jean Le Rond. 

Mélanges de littérature, d'histoire et de philosophie. 

Amsterdam, Zacharie Chatelain et fils, 1773.
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300 €

New edition.
Compilation of D'Alembert's text begun in the midst of the Encyclopédie crisis and during the years when its publication was banned. He constantly refers to it and publishes some of the articles there. D'Alembert also fuels, through these texts, the controversy with Rousseau on the status of Literature.

Photo [FONTENAY, (Abbé)]. 

[FONTENAY, (Abbé)]. 

Antilogies et Fragmens Philosophiques, ou Collection méthodique des morceaux les plus curieux & les plus intéressans sur la Religion, la Philosophie, les Sciences & les Arts, extraits des écrits de la Philosophie moderne. 

Paris, Vincent, 1774-1775.
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800 €

First edition.
Louis Abel de Bonafous, a Jesuit priest, became a writer when his order was banned in 1773, under the name of Abbé Fontenay.
The Antilogies are a collection of contradictory arguments, often used to demonstrate paradoxes or to question certain dogmatic assertions. This work is typical of the way in which certain authors of the 18th century, particularly during the Enlightenment, questioned established truths and rigid systems of thought.
The Antilogies had a certain influence in the philosophical circles of its time, because of its innovative approach to logic and theology.

Photo [MANUSCRIT]. 

[MANUSCRIT]. 

Metaphysica. 

s.l., s.n., 1775.
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200 €

Original manuscript.
Course in metaphysics and ontology with a long section on theodicy.

Photo GRETRY, André-Ernest. 

GRETRY, André-Ernest. 

Mémoires ou essai sur la musique. 

Paris, Prault, 1789.
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150 €

First edition.
The Memoirs of Gretry constitute a document of particular importance for the musical and literary history of the 18th century. There are indeed many details concerning not only the life of Gretry, his feelings, his musical works, but also music in general, comedy, painting, travel .... and various writers and composers.

Photo FOURIER, Charles. 

FOURIER, Charles. 

Théorie des Quatre Mouvemens et des Destinées Générales. Prospectus et Annonce de la Découverte. 

Leipzig [Lyon], [Pelzin], 1808.
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2000 €

First edition.
Founding work of Fourierism. It is in this book that Charles Fourier sets out for the first time his theories on the organization of human societies. Discoveries, which, according to him, is on a par with Newton's theory of gravitation. They must lead Humanity to a state of universal Harmony.

Some handwritten corrections.

Bound with is a rare brochure by Fourier:

[FOURIER], Mnémonique géographique ou méthode pour apprendre en peu de leçons la géographie, la statistique et la politique. Paris, Impr. Carpentier-Méricourt, [1824]. 15-(1) pages.
"Brand-new views on the teaching of one of the positive sciences, formerly cultivated, that Fourier was most fond of. The procedures he indicates, and particularly that of the Theory of Causes in Creation, are related to his system of Universal Unity. This piece is very curious. " (notice from the 'catalogue raisonné de l'école sociétaire', 1842).

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