TAINE, De l'Intelligence, 1903

Hippolyte Taine (1828-1893), a member of the French Academy, was a French historian, philosopher, and critic whose work had a major influence on naturalism and positivism. His work De l'Intelligence (On Intelligence) is a treatise on psychology and philosophy that explores the nature of human cognitive faculties. Taine applies a scientific and deterministic method to the study of the mind, analyzing the mechanisms of perception, memory, and ideas.
This book was a fundamental text for nascent psychology and the philosophy of science in France in the late 19th century.